Bulletproof hosting
Providers knowingly lease infrastructure to criminals and ignore takedowns
categoryPhysical, insider and cross-cutting attacksseverityMediumdetectabilityMediumlabnot yet measured
Example: FBI/NSA/CISA CSI
Classification
22 values: 2 reviewed, 8 imported, 1 derived, 11 machine-classified. What do these mean?
Exploitability
| Attack vector | Post-compromise / campaign |
|---|---|
| Reach (CVSS) | Network |
| Attack complexity | Low |
| Privileges required | None |
| User interaction | None |
| Attacker skill required | Low |
| Resources required | Medium |
| Likelihood / prevalence | High |
| Maturity | Commoditized |
Impact & scope
| Severity | Medium |
|---|---|
| Impact | AvailabilityIntegrity |
| Platform | PRE |
| Environment | On-premises |
| Target asset class | Network device |
| Kill-chain phase (tactic) | Resource Development |
Detection & telemetry
| Detectability | Medium |
|---|---|
| Data sources (ATT&CK data components) | Active DNSDomain RegistrationPassive DNSResponse Content |
Detection & response
Mitigated by 1
- M1056 attack-mitigation
Detected by 1
- DET0895 attack-detection-strategy
Attack relationships
- Child: Malvertising
- Child: Malvertising (delivery)
- Child: Typosquatting / homoglyph domains
- Child: Website / domain spoofing
Framework references
- Primary source: https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/cyber-alerts/bulletproof-defense-mitigating-risks-from-bulletproof-hosting-providers.pdf
- attack: T1583 (primary)
Evidence & sources
- ev-0001 (Cyber Attack Taxonomy) — Name, definition and Example/ID taken verbatim from the 'Physical, insider and cross-cutting attacks' table, line 710 of Cyber-Attack-Taxonomy.md
- ev-0002 (Seeded-record enrichment run 2026-09-30 (crosswalk + facet classification)) — Crosswalk to attack:T1583 as the nearest framework entries; ids verified to exist in the cached catalogues.
- ev-0003 (MITRE Enterprise ATT&CK v19.2 (STIX 2.1)) — ATT&CK usage prevalence: 9 groups/software/campaigns reference this technique (ATT&CK enterprise v19.2)