Token replay (access / refresh)
Stolen OAuth access or refresh tokens reused to call APIs
categoryIdentity, authentication and credential attacksseverityVery HighdetectabilityHighlabnot yet measured
Example: Okta HAR-file hijack (2023)
Classification
25 values: 8 reviewed, 10 imported, 7 derived. What do these mean?
Exploitability
| Attack vector | Credential attacks |
|---|---|
| Reach (CVSS) | Network |
| Attack complexity | Low |
| Privileges required | Low |
| User interaction | None |
| Attacker skill required | Low |
| Resources required | Low |
| Likelihood / prevalence | High |
| Maturity | Commoditized |
Impact & scope
| Severity | Very High |
|---|---|
| Impact | AvailabilityConfidentialityIntegrity |
| Platform | ContainersIaaSIdentity ProviderOffice SuiteSaaS |
| Environment | Cloud |
| Target asset class | Identity |
| Kill-chain phase (tactic) | Lateral Movement |
Detection & telemetry
| Detectability | High |
|---|---|
| Data sources (ATT&CK data components) | User Account AuthenticationWeb Credential Usage |
| Defense bypassed | System access controls |
Detection & response
Mitigated by 37
- M1013 attack-mitigation
- M1021 attack-mitigation
- M1036 attack-mitigation
- M1041 attack-mitigation
- M1047 attack-mitigation
D3-ABPId3fendD3-ANCId3fendD3-APCAd3fendD3-CCSAd3fendD3-CHd3fendD3-CRd3fendD3-CROd3fendD3-CSPPd3fendD3-CTSd3fendD3-DUCd3fendD3-HBPId3fendD3-HRd3fendD3-HSd3fendD3-KBPId3fendD3-MFAd3fendD3-NTCDd3fendD3-NTFd3fendD3-NTSAd3fendD3-PHDURAd3fendD3-PLAd3fendD3-PMADd3fendD3-PSd3fendD3-PSAd3fendD3-PSMDd3fendD3-PTd3fendD3-RICd3fendD3-RTSDd3fendD3-SCFd3fendD3-TBd3fendD3-TBAd3fendD3-UGLPAd3fendD3-WSAMd3fend
Detected by 5
- DET0185 attack-detection-strategy
905d389b-b853-46d0-9d3d-dea0d3a3cd49sigmab45ab1d2-712f-4f01-a751-df3826969807sigmaf43f5d2f-3f2a-4cc8-b1af-81fde7dbaf0esigmaf8103686-e3e8-46f3-be72-65f7fcb4aa53sigma
Attack relationships
Framework references
- Primary source: https://sec.okta.com/articles/2023/11/unauthorized-access-oktas-support-case-management-system-root-cause/
- attack: T1550.001 (primary)
Evidence & sources
- ev-0001 (Cyber Attack Taxonomy) — Name, definition and Example/ID taken verbatim from the 'Identity, authentication and credential attacks' table, line 348 of Cyber-Attack-Taxonomy.md
- ev-0002 (MITRE Enterprise ATT&CK v19.2 (STIX 2.1)) — ATT&CK usage prevalence: 11 groups/software/campaigns reference this technique (ATT&CK enterprise v19.2)